Renal biopsy in glomerulonephritis

Glomerulonephritis [GN] is responsible for 25-30% of end-stage renal disease [ESRD] among all causes. Renal biopsy is important to determine the GN treatment method and its prognosis. In some cases, renal biopsy is required for definitive diagnosis. Biopsies were used as a diagnostic method in different disease from 1930. They were performed blindly and at bedside. Complication rate varies from 2 to 20% in different reports. Percutaneous renal biopsy is a routine diagnostic procedure in nephrology nowadays, and it should be individualized for each patient depending on their age, BMI, coagulation status and the availability of skilled radiologist. In this paper, we review image-guided renal biopsy in glomerulonephritis

Radiological features of osteoid osteoma pictorial review

Osteoid osteoma is a benign bone tumor of undetermined etiology, composed of a central zone named nidus which is an atypical bone completely enclosed within a wellvascularized stroma and a peripheral sclerotic reaction zone. There are three types of radiographic features: cortical, medullary and subperiosteal. Forty-four patients with osteoid osteoma were studied retrospectively. In plain films, 35 patients presented as the cortical type, six cases were located in the medullary zone and three had subperiosteal osteoid osteoma. In all the cases, the nidus was visualized on computed tomography [CT] scan. The nidus was visible in four out of five patients who had also undergone magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]. Double-density sign, seen on radionuclide bone scans was positive in all patients. MRI is more sensitive in the diagnosis of bone marrow and soft tissue abnormalities adjacent to the lesion, and in the nidus that is located closer to the medullary zone. On the other hand, CT is more specific when it comes to detecting the lesion's nidus